需求
- 监控对于k8s平台上所有node节点的资源占用
- 监控k8s平台上pod资源占用
实现
主件介绍
promethesu
Prometheus 是一套开源的系统监控报警框架。它启发于 Google 的 borgmon 监控系统，由工作在 SoundCloud 的 google 前员工在 2012 年创建，作为社区开源项目进行开发，并于 2015 年正式发布。2016 年，Prometheus 正式加入 Cloud Native Computing Foundation，成为受欢迎度仅次于 Kubernetes 的项目。
作为新一代的监控框架，Prometheus 具有以下特点：
+ 强大的多维度数据模型：
+ 时间序列数据通过metric 名和键值对来区分。
+ 所有的 metrics都可以设置任意的多维标签。
+ 数据模型更随意，不需要刻意设置为以点分隔的字符串。
+ 可以对数据模型进行聚合，切割和切片操作。
+ 支持双精度浮点类型，标签可以设为全 unicode。
+ 灵活而强大的查询语句（PromQL）：在同一个查询语句，可以对多个 metrics 进行乘法、加法、连接、取分数位等操作。
+ 易于管理： Prometheus server 是一个单独的二进制文件，可直接在本地工作，不依赖于分布式存储。
+ 高效：平均每个采样点仅占 3.5 bytes，且一个 Prometheus server 可以处理数百万的 metrics。
+ 使用 pull 模式采集时间序列数据，这样不仅有利于本机测试而且可以避免有问题的服务器推送坏的 metrics。
+ 可以采用 push gateway 的方式把时间序列数据推送至 Prometheus server 端。
+ 可以通过服务发现或者静态配置去获取监控的 targets。
+ 有多种可视化图形界面。
+ 易伸缩。
Grafana
Grafana是一个有着丰富指标的开源控制面板。在可视化大规模测量数据的时候是非常有用的。根据不同的指标数据,它提供了一个强大、优雅的来创建、分享和浏览数据的方式。它提供了丰富多样、灵活的图形选项。此外,针对数据源(DataSource),它支持许多不同的存储后端。每个数据源都有针对特定数据源的特性和功能所定制的查询编辑器。Grafana提供了对下述数据源的正式支持:Graphite、InfluxDB、OpenTSDB、Prometheus、Elasticsearch等
架构描述
部署
创建namespace
# 新建prometheus-ns.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
name: kube-prometheus
创建prometheus权限资源,使prometheus访问kubernetes容器
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: prometheus
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
resources:
- nodes
- nodes/proxy
- services
- endpoints
- pods
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- apiGroups:
- extensions
resources:
- ingresses
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- nonResourceURLs: ["/metrics"]
verbs: ["get"]
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: prometheus
namespace: kube-prometheus
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: prometheus
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: prometheus
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: prometheus
namespace: kube-prometheus
部署prometheus配置
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: prometheus-config
namespace: kube-prometheus
data:
prometheus.yml: |
global:
scrape_interval: 15s
evaluation_interval: 15s
scrape_configs:
- job_name: 'kubernetes-apiservers'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: endpoints
scheme: https
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
action: keep
regex: default;kubernetes;https
- job_name: 'kubernetes-nodes'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: node
scheme: https
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
relabel_configs:
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
- target_label: __address__
replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
regex: (.+)
target_label: __metrics_path__
replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics
- job_name: 'kubernetes-cadvisor'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: node
scheme: https
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
relabel_configs:
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
- target_label: __address__
replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
regex: (.+)
target_label: __metrics_path__
replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor
- job_name: 'kubernetes-service-endpoints'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: endpoints
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
action: keep
regex: true
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
action: replace
target_label: __scheme__
regex: (https?)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_host_ip]
target_label: host_ip
- source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
action: replace
target_label: __address__
regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
replacement: $1:$2
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
action: replace
target_label: kubernetes_name
- job_name: 'kubernetes-java-application-endpoints'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: endpoints
metrics_path: /prometheus
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
action: keep
regex: prometheus
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
target_label: pod_name
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_ready]
target_label: ready
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
target_label: service_name
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
target_label: namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_host_ip]
target_label: host_ip
- job_name: 'kubernetes-services-http-probe'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: service
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
metrics_path: /probe
params:
module: [http_2xx]
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_http_probe]
action: keep
regex: true
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_http_probe_port, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_http_probe_path]
action: replace
target_label: __param_target
regex: (.+);(.+);(.+);(.+)
replacement: $1.$2:$3$4
- target_label: __address__
replacement: blackbox-exporter.kube-prometheus.svc:9115
- source_labels: [__param_target]
target_label: instance
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
target_label: kubernetes_name
- job_name: 'kubernetes-services-tcp-probe'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: service
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
metrics_path: /probe
params:
module: [tcp_connect]
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_tcp_probe]
action: keep
regex: true
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_tcp_probe_port]
action: replace
target_label: __param_target
regex: (.+);(.+);(.+)
replacement: $1.$2:$3
- target_label: __address__
replacement: blackbox-exporter.kube-prometheus.svc:9115
- source_labels: [__param_target]
target_label: instance
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
target_label: kubernetes_name
- job_name: 'kubernetes-pod-http-probe'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: pod
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
metrics_path: /probe
params:
module: [http_2xx]
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_http_probe]
action: keep
regex: true
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_ip, __meta_kubernetes_pod_container_port_number, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_http_probe_path]
action: replace
target_label: __param_target
regex: (.+);(.+);(.+)
replacement: $1:$2$3
- target_label: __address__
replacement: blackbox-exporter.kube-prometheus.svc:9115
- source_labels: [__param_target]
target_label: instance
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
- job_name: 'kubernetes-pod-tcp-probe'
kubernetes_sd_configs:
- role: pod
tls_config:
ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
metrics_path: /probe
params:
module: [tcp_connect]
relabel_configs:
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_tcp_probe]
action: keep
regex: true
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_ip, __meta_kubernetes_pod_container_port_number]
action: replace
target_label: __param_target
regex: (.+);(.+)
replacement: $1:$2
- target_label: __address__
replacement: blackbox-exporter.kube-prometheus.svc:9115
- source_labels: [__param_target]
target_label: instance
- action: labelmap
regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
target_label: kubernetes_namespace
- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
部署prometheus服务
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
name: prometheus-deployment
name: prometheus
namespace: kube-prometheus
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: prometheus
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: prometheus
spec:
containers:
- image: prom/prometheus:v2.3.2
name: prometheus
command:
- "/bin/prometheus"
args:
- "--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml"
- "--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus"
- "--storage.tsdb.retention=48h"
ports:
- containerPort: 9090
protocol: TCP
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: "/prometheus"
name: data
- mountPath: "/etc/prometheus"
name: config-volume
resources:
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
limits:
cpu: 500m
memory: 512Mi
serviceAccountName: prometheus
volumes:
- name: data
emptyDir: {}
- name: config-volume
configMap:
name: prometheus-config
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
app: prometheus
name: prometheus
namespace: kube-prometheus
spec:
ports:
- port: 9090
targetPort: 9090
selector:
app: prometheus
部署grafana服务
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: grafana-core
namespace: kube-prometheus
labels:
app: grafana
component: core
spec:
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: grafana
component: core
spec:
containers:
- image: grafana/grafana:5.2.0
name: grafana-core
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
resources:
limits:
cpu: 300m
memory: 512Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
env:
- name: GF_AUTH_BASIC_ENABLED
value: "true"
- name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED
value: "false"
- name: GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD
value: "5GNFVDqGIRGtYKxn"
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /login
port: 3000
volumeMounts:
- name: grafana-data
mountPath: /var/lib/grafana
volumes:
- name: grafana-data
emptyDir: {}
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: grafana
namespace: kube-prometheus
labels:
app: grafana
component: core
annotations:
prometheus.io/scrape: 'true'
spec:
ports:
- port: 3000
targetPort: 3000
selector:
app: grafana
component: core
配置ingress
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: monitor
spec:
rules:
- host: your.prometheus.host
http:
paths:
- backend:
serviceName: prometheus
servicePort: 9090
- host: your.grafana.host
http:
paths:
- backend:
serviceName: grafana
servicePort: 3000
验证
访问域名your.prometheus.host
访问域名your.grafana.host
应用
为grafana配置prometheus数据源
引入模板
结果呈现
